Hemerocallis Citrina

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in biology, Hemerocallis Citrina (Alias:Daylily and Citron Daylily or Long Yellow Daylily Latin:Hemerocallis citrina Baroni) is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Asphodelaceae , subfamily Hemerocallidoideae. Native to eastern Asia and China. It grows in forest margins, grassy fields and slopes. The tubers, inflorescences, buds and flowers can all be cooked and eaten. Dried or fresh flowers, sometimes called 'gum jum' or 'golden needles' are used in Chinese cuisine for dishes including hot and sour soup, daylily soup, Buddha's delight, and moo shu pork. The dried flowers are also used in Japanese, Korean, Thai, and Vietnamese cooking.

This species is a nocturnal bloomer so the flowers typically open up near sunset and close the morning of the following day. Has the Royal Horticultural Society Award of Garden Merit (RHS AGM), so not just for eating!

Daylily has the functions of clearing away heat, diuresis, cooling blood and stopping bleeding. It is mainly used to treat hematuria, hematochezia and irregular menstruation. It is recorded in "Compendium of Materia Medica". Day lily is a treasure in flower and gardening. It has certain ornamental value and is used as a material for arranging lawns or flower borders among garden trees. Daylily is rich in nutritional value, rich in protein, fat, sugar, etc. People often feel comfortable and comfortable after eating it, so some people also call daylily the "soothing vegetable". Su Dongpo, a writer in the Song Dynasty, once praised day lilies by saying, "There are no precious jade in farmers' houses, and the yellow flowers everywhere are gold hairpins." However, daylily flowers contain a variety of alkaloids, so it is not advisable to eat too much, otherwise it will cause poisoning such as diarrhea.

Hemerocallis Citrina is an angiosperm of the Liliaceae family and Hemerocallis genus. The plants are generally taller; the roots are nearly fleshy, and the middle and lower parts often have spindle-like enlargements. Green leaves, 7-20 leaves, 50-130 cm long, 6-25 mm wide. The scapes vary in length, generally slightly longer than the leaves, with a triangular base and a more or less cylindrical upper part with branches; the bracts are lanceolate, with the lower part up to 3-10 cm long, becoming shorter from bottom to top, and 3-3-wide in width. 6 mm; the pedicel is short, usually less than 1 cm long; the flowers are many, up to more than 100; the perianth is light yellow, sometimes with a dark purple tip when in bud; the perianth tube is 3-5 cm long, and the perianth is The lobes are (6-) 7-12 cm long, and the inner three lobes are 2-3 cm wide. Capsule obtusely triangular-oval, 3-5 cm long. There are about 20 seeds, black and ribbed; it takes about 40-60 days from flowering to seed maturity, and the flowering and fruiting period is from May to September.

This species is native to East Asia and China. It grows in forest margins, grassy fields and slopes, at an elevation of 0–2,000 metres (0–6,562 ft) above sea level.

Propagation by division

Propagation by division is the most commonly used propagation method. One is to dig out all the mother plant clusters and replant them; the other is to dig out part of the plant from one side of the mother plant cluster to make seedlings and leave the rest to continue growing.

When digging and dividing the seedlings, try to damage the roots as little as possible, and plant the seedlings immediately after digging and dividing the seedlings. After the seedlings are dug out, the soil should be shaken off, and the seedlings should be separated one by one or every 2-3 buds should be divided into clusters and broken off from the mother plant. Cut off the old roots, rotten roots and diseased roots growing in the lower part of the rhizome, leaving only 1-2 layers of new roots, and cut off the overly long roots, leaving about 10 cm long.

slice propagation

After the daylilies are harvested, dig out the roots and separate them one by one according to the buds. Remove the hairy leaves and dead leaves around the shortened stems, then leave the leaves 3-5 cm long and cut off the upper ends; Use a knife to cut the rhizome into two pieces lengthwise from top to bottom, and then decide whether each piece needs to be divided again depending on the thickness of the rhizome. If the rhizome is thick, you can continue to cut it into several strips. In this way, each plant can generally be divided into 2-6 plants, and more can reach 10 plants. It should be noted that when cutting, each seedling piece needs to have a "seedling stem" on the top and fibrous roots on the bottom. After cutting, soak the seeds with 50% carbendazim 1200 times solution for 1-2 hours to disinfect, take them out and spread them in the sun, then use fine soil or plant ash mixed with loess to dress the seeds and raise the seedlings.

Propagation by cuttings

After harvesting day lilies, select bright green bracts from the middle and upper parts of the cactus, with obvious growth points under the bracts. Leave about 15 centimeters above and below the growth points, cut them out, and insert them flatly into a slightly curved shape. Bury the upper and lower ends into the soil so that the part with the growing point of the bract is exposed to the ground and cover it slightly with fine soil for protection; or insert it obliquely at an angle of 30°, so deep that the soil can cover the buds It is appropriate. It is best to insert all the cuttings cut on the same day to prevent the cuttings from losing water and affecting their survival. The cuttings must be watered thoroughly on the day after planting and the next day to ensure that the cuttings are closely connected with the soil. Soil moisture should be maintained at about 40% in the future. It will take about 1 week for roots to sprout. Pay attention to cold protection in winter. After one year of cultivation, each plant will have 12 or at least 5 tillers, and it will bloom in the next year.

seed propagation

Manual pollination is carried out 10-60 minutes after the flowers bloom. The suitable temperature for daylily fertilization is 28-32°C, and the relative humidity is 53%-82%. To prevent natural hybrid "flower stringing", the flower buds can be tied with thread. However, it is not advisable to bag the bag to avoid excessive temperature inside the bag. In order to increase the fruit setting rate, you can also use 0.1% borax, or 1:300 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, or 2% superphosphate, or 1% urea and Potassium chloride and other aqueous solutions are sprayed on the leaves until 20 days after the last batch of capsules set. In daylilies, the top branch of the main inflorescence and the second branch have the highest fruiting rate. In terms of node position, the first and second fruit nodes have the highest fruiting rate. For this reason, for the first to fourth branches, the flower buds on the 1-4 fruit nodes can be retained. For the top branch of the main inflorescence, the flower buds on the first and second fruit nodes can be retained, and the remaining flower buds should be thinned out. Nutrients are concentrated in the fruits and seeds.

Ornamental value

Daylily sprouts early in spring, with beautiful green leaves and bright and beautiful flowers. It is a treasure in flower gardening and has certain ornamental value. It is used as a material for arranging lawns or flower borders among garden trees, and can also be used as cut flowers. [twenty two]

In summer, not only can you enjoy the colorful daylily flowers, but its graceful leaves remain bright green from spring to late autumn, all of which have a green ornamental effect. In addition, daylily is a perennial herb with a relatively developed root system, which plays a good role in protecting water and soil. Daylily is a treasure in flower gardening. Its leaves are like orchid grass, green and clustered, and its flowers are like butterflies, with red and yellow dots, swaying in the wind and making shadows. It is charming and charming. Because of its wide variety, there are flowers in all seasons, and it is still used in family gardens. Ornamental flowers and plants.

Edible and medicinal

Daylily has the functions of clearing away heat, diuresis, cooling blood and stopping bleeding. It is mainly used to treat hematuria, hematochezia and irregular menstruation. It is recorded in "Compendium of Materia Medica". Daylily is rich in nutritional value, rich in protein, fat, sugar, etc. People often feel comfortable and comfortable after eating it, so some people also call daylily the "soothing vegetable". However, daylily flowers contain a variety of alkaloids, so it is not advisable to eat too much, otherwise it will cause poisoning such as diarrhea. [twenty three]

Day lily is rich in nutrients and is a great food accompaniment. According to analysis, every 100 grams of dried daylily products contains 14.1 grams of protein, 0.4 grams of fat, 60.1 grams of carbohydrates, 463 mg of calcium, 173 mg of phosphorus, 16.5 mg of iron, 3.44 mg of carotene, 10.363 mg of vitamin B, and B20 .14 mg, niacin 4.1 mg, etc. In addition, it also contains a variety of amino acids, which are essential nutrients for the human body. Daylily has high medicinal value. It contains γ-hydroxyglutamic acid, succinic acid, β-sitosterol, asparagine, colchicine, trehalase and other ingredients. Chinese medicine believes that daylily is sweet and cool in nature, has good diuretic and cooling properties, soothes the mind and improves eyesight, strengthens the brain, and has anti-aging functions. It can also significantly reduce serum cholesterol levels, so it is suitable for frail mental workers and those with high blood pressure. It has good health effects on patients. It has a good nourishing effect and is often consumed by teenagers who are in the growth and development stage, as well as pregnant women, postpartum women, and patients with illnesses. It is very beneficial to fitness and intelligence. Its flowers, stems, leaves and roots can be used as medicine.