Haworthia

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in biology, Haworthia (Latin:Haworthia Duval) is a species of flowering plant in the family Asphodelaceae. Most of its origins are in South Africa, with more than 150 species of plants, which are widely used in horticultural cultivation.

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Perennial herbs with erect or creeping stems from a thick woody rootstock, often suckering to form small to large groups of plants; roots fleshy. Leaves in basal rosettes, or spirally arranged, succulent, softly fleshy or stiff, linear to deltoid-acumin ate; surface smooth, ridged or tuberculate; margins smooth, ciliate, or toothed. Inflorescence pedunculate with flowers in lax racemes or panicles; peduncle erect, simple, with a few sterile bracts; bracts membraneous, small, lanceolate to ovate; , ascending.Perianth segments 6 subequal, fused in the lower part to form an oblong-cylindrical, sometimes slightly curved tube; perianth limb 2-lipped, tips of upper 3 segments usually spreading, tips of lower 3 segments recurved. Stamens and stigma includ ed.Capsule ovoid to oblong, 3-locular. Seeds with angles winged.

Ecological environment of the native place: In the semi-arid area near the desert in eastern Africa, there is a layer of quite lush shrubs that often forms dense thickets, combined with twelve-volume plants. Due to the influence of the humid air currents of the Indian Ocean, they are just in the tropics The convergence zone can receive more rainfall, making this type of vegetation more luxuriant. The special climate accelerates the weathering of rocks, thereby increasing the calcium content in the soil. The soil is mostly light brown and rich in decomposed fertility. , provides the necessary growth elements for plants. Winter is from June to July every year, a mild rainy season with an average temperature of around 15°C, which is the growing season for this type of plants. Summer is warm and dry, from December to January of the following year, with an average temperature of 26°C. C, the plant will enter the dormant stage. In fact, many plant species in tropical and subtropical areas have dormant characteristics. The main reason for their dormancy is drought.

Haworthia plants are a special type of succulent plants. Because their native habitat is affected by the warm and humid air currents of the Indian Ocean, their growth environment is lush with vegetation. These small succulent plants grow under the cover of grass and receive 3 to 4 hours of light every day. It can grow vigorously for a long time. In strong light environment, the leaves will be burned quickly. The suitable growth temperature is 12~28℃. If the temperature is higher or lower than this, it will enter dormancy. Most Haworthia plants have thick, fleshy root systems that store plenty of water, allowing the plants to maintain life during dry seasons.

Haworthia is a genus within the family Asphodelaceae, subfamily Asphodeloideae. The genus is named after the botanist Adrian Hardy Haworth. B. Bayer recognised approximately 60 species in a review of the genus in 2012, whereas other taxonomists are very much less conservative. Related genera are Aloe, Gasteria and Astroloba and intergeneric hybrids are known.

Subdivisions

The classification of the flowering plant subfamily Asphodeloideae is weak, and concepts of the genera are not well substantiated. Haworthia has been a similarly a weakly contrived genus. Because of their horticultural interest, its taxonomy has been dominated by amateur collectors, and the literature is rife with misunderstanding of what the taxa actually are or should be. Recent phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that the traditional divisions of the genus are actually relatively unrelated (Hexangulares was shown to be a sister-group of genus Gasteria, Robustipedunculares more closely related to genus Astroloba, and Haworthia as an out-group related to Aloe). In recognition of the polyphyletic nature of the genus, Haworthiopsis and Tulista have been split off.

Botanists had long noticed differences in the flowers the three subgenera, but had previously considered those differences to be inconsequential, although the differences between species in the same subgenus definitely are. The roots, leaves and rosettes do demonstrate some generic differences while wide variations occur even within one species.

Most species are endemic to South Africa, with the greatest species diversity occurring in the south-western Cape. Some species do however extend into neighbouring territories, in Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), southern Namibia and southern Mozambique (Maputaland).

Pay attention to three conditions when raising Haworthia well:

Deep pots: Because they have deep root systems.

Sunshade: avoid strong light and sufficient astigmatism is the best.

Ventilation: The soil is loose and breathable, 3.1, prepared according to local resources; 3.2, the particle size depends on the size of the plant, and the particles are more than peat; 3.3, pure granules are prepared by adding peat particles or nutrient particles.